光寻址电位传感器的正交相位检波检测方法

光寻址电位传感器的幅度检测方法易受噪声干扰,灵敏度差,信噪比和精度低,且受调制光源的影响较大,影响检测结果的准确性.为此提出了一种基于正交相位检波的光寻址电位传感器检测方法.该方法是将光寻址电位传感器的输出光电流信号分别与两路正交信号相乘,通过低通滤波提取直流分量并相除,即可得到光寻址电位传感器的输出信号相位信息.与已有的光寻址电位传感器相位检测方法相比,该方法具有算法复杂度低、实时性高的优点.实验研究了调制光源光强对光寻址电位传感器幅度检测和相位检测的影响,对比分析了光寻址电位传感器的传统幅度检测方法与正交相位检波检测方法对pH检测的灵敏度、线性度及信噪比.结果表明,相比于幅度检测方法,调制光源光强对光寻址电位传感器的相位检测影响更小,在频率为10 kHz,pH的范围为1.68~10.01的情况下,相位检测方法比幅度检测方法测得的灵敏度增加了7 mV/pH,精度提高了14.9 mpH,非线性误差减小了0.003%,均方差减少了0.1051×10^-5,信噪比增加了8.2827 dB.该方法特别适用于弱光下的光寻址电位传感器检测.     

D*-度量空间广义弱压缩映射的不动点定理

介绍了D^*-度量空间中的相关知识, 并基于D^*-度量空间, 将度量空间中与两种距离控制函数(ψ,?)有关的广义弱压缩映射推广到D^*-度量空间, 通过构造迭代序列，讨论了广义弱压缩条件下映射不动点的存在性和唯一性, 给出了几个不动点定理, 所得结果丰富了D^*-度量空间的不动点理论。     

静止轨道星载差分吸收光谱仪CCD成像系统设计

静止轨道卫星差分吸收光谱仪采用摆扫成像方式对大气进行探测,针对其工作时CCD成像系统信噪比大于1 000、高速探测模式下探测周期小于10min、高分辨率模式下探测周期小于1h的要求,进行CCD成像系统设计.选取CCD47-20作为探测器,设计成像电路实现光谱图像信号的采集和上传.分析了帧叠加和像元合并对时间、空间分辨率的影响.结合帧转移CCD的特点设计了每个位置最后一帧读出时摆镜转动的成像方式,并合理设置了帧叠加数和像元合并数,达到优化成像周期的目的.1s曝光时间条件下,该CCD成像系统的高速、高分辨率模式探测周期分别为515s和3 315s,图像信噪比均大于1 000,污染物观测实验中未出现失帧或重复的现象.该CCD成像系统方案满足静止轨道星载差分吸收光谱仪的探测需求,为静止轨道环境监测仪器设计提供参考.     

Meshless acoustic analysis using a weakly singular Burton-Miller boundary integral formulation

The Burton-Miller boundary integral formulation is solved by a complex variable boundary element-free method (CVBEFM) for the boundary-only meshless analysis of acoustic problems with arbitrary wavenumbers. To regularize both strongly singular and hypersingular integrals and to avoid the computation of the solid angle and its normal derivative, a weakly singular Burton-Miller formulation is derived by considering the normal derivative of the solid angle and adopting the singularity subtraction procedures. To facilitate the implementation of the CVBEFM and the approximation of gradients of the boundary variables, a stabilized complex variable moving least-square approximation is selected in the meshless discretization procedure. The results show the accuracy and efficiency of the present CVBEFM and reveal that the method can produce satisfactory results for all wavenumbers, even for extremely large wavenumbers such as k = 10 000.     

双稳态结构中的1/2次谐波共振及其对隔振特性的影响

以典型的双稳态系统——屈曲梁结构为例,基于等效模型,结合解析、数值和实验手段,研究了双稳态结构中的1/2次谐波共振特性、演化过程、参数调节规律及其对隔振特性的影响.研究发现,当非线性刚度系数或激励幅值增加到一定程度时,系统会在一定带宽下产生显著的1/2次谐波共振;随着激励幅值增加,阻尼系统的1/2次谐波遵循“产生-增强-衰退-消失”的过程,该过程对峰值频率和峰值传递率有重要影响;适当提高非线性强度能有效改善双稳态结构隔振特性.针对双稳态屈曲梁结构开展的实验验证了1/2次谐波特性和隔振特性变化规律.     

Eu:Lu2O3透明闪烁陶瓷的制备与性能

采用湿化学法合成了Eu原子掺量5%的Lu₂O₃陶瓷前驱体,通过SEM、XRD研究了煅烧前后前驱体和1 100 ℃煅烧4 h后粉体的形貌、结构以及物相。结果表明煅烧后的粉体为纳米类球形、高分散且结晶性良好的颗粒。颗粒尺寸为68.5 nm。使用煅烧后的粉体为原料,在1 650 ℃真空烧结30 h制备了高透过率的Eu:Lu₂O₃陶瓷,晶粒尺寸为46 μm,在611 nm处的直线透过率可以达到66.3%。此外对陶瓷的吸收曲线、光致激发和发射光谱特性以及X射线激发发射光谱进行研究。可观察到,Eu:Lu₂O₃陶瓷存在基质和激活离子两类吸收,光致发光光谱和X射线激发发射光谱均可以看出Eu:Lu₂O₃陶瓷存在极强的⁵D₀→⁷F₂跃迁发光,位于611 nm处。对比商业的BGO单晶的X射线发射光谱,可得本实验中制备的陶瓷的光输出为85 000 ph/MeV。Eu:Lu₂O₃陶瓷本身有着高X射线以及高能粒子的阻止能力,结合高光输出特性,表明Eu:Lu₂O₃陶瓷在X射线成像等领域具有巨大的潜在应用价值。     

DFT mechanistic study of the H2‐assisted chain transfer copolymerization of propylene and p‐methylstyrene catalyzed by zirconocene complex

DFT computations have been performed to investigate the mechanism of H₂‐assisted chain transfer strategy to functionalize polypropylene via Zr‐catalyzed copolymerization of propylene and p‐methylstyrene (pMS). The study unveils the following: (i) propylene prefers 1,2‐insertion over 2,1‐insertion both kinetically and thermodynamically, explaining the observed 1,2‐insertion regioselectivity for propylene insertion. (ii) The 2,1‐inserion of pMS is kinetically less favorable but thermodynamically more favorable than 1,2‐insertion. The observation of 2,1‐insertion pMS at the end of polymer chain is due to thermodynamic control and that the barrier difference between the two insertion modes become smaller as the chain length becomes longer. (iii) The pMS insertion results in much higher barriers for subsequent either propylene or pMS insertion, which causes deactivation of the catalytic system. (iv) Small H₂ can react with the deactivated [Zr]?pMS?PP_n facilely, which displace functionalized pMS?PP_n chain and regenerate [Zr]? H active catalyst to continue copolymerization. The effects of counterions are also discussed. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 576–585